Elements that appear sunken (or hollow) look like they could be filled.This technique is often used as a signifier for buttons. Elements that appear raised look like they could be pressed.Such 3-D effects give an illusion of depth to an interface, they help users interpret visual hierarchy and understand which elements are interactive:
Since the early days of graphical UIs, screens have employed pseudo 3D effects (shadows, gradients, highlights) to help users understand the available actions at a glance.
Users screens are flat, but designers and developers invested a great amount of art into making just about everything on them appear be 3D. Evolution of UI: From Pseudo 3D to Ultra-Flat Design Three-Dimensional Effects and Skeuomorphism: Illusion of Depth In the Interface In this article I’ll show you how visual elements, such as shadows, carry information that is processed by the user of the interface. But while functional aspect of a design is key to product success, visual details are equally important - particularly how they can improve those functional elements. UI design is moving towards removing any unnecessary elements to focus much more on functionality.
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